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Rates and figures are indicative for 2026 and confirmed per case before you rely on them · click a column header to focus a jurisdiction
01
When each one is the right answer
Russia
Use it when
✓You sell to Russian customers directly
✓You employ people in Russia
✓Your contracts are governed by Russian law
Don't use it when
×You only need a holding vehicle
×Your activity is entirely outside Russia
Kazakhstan
Use it when
✓You want an EAEU base outside Russia
✓Regional CIS operations across several markets
✓Lower employer cost matters
Don't use it when
×Your customers are only Russian — you add a layer without removing a duty
UAE
Use it when
✓Holding structure or trade routing
✓Regional management sits in the Gulf
✓You need a neutral contracting jurisdiction
Don't use it when
×You are trying to avoid a Russian obligation that follows the activity, not the entity
The common mistake
Choosing by headline rate
A lower corporate rate elsewhere does not remove an obligation that follows the activity rather than the entity. If you sell to Russian customers, employ people in Russia, or hold Russian assets, moving the company does not move the duty — it adds a layer on top of it. The rate is the last question to ask, not the first.
Deciding where to base?
The answer usually turns on where your customers, people and assets actually are — not on the tax table. Thirty minutes is enough to narrow it.
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